Igipimo cya Hydroxyapatite Ca / P: Impamvu bifite akamaro kubikoresho byo gusana amenyo namagufwa 

Hydroxyapatite ni kimwe mu bikoresho byingenzi bya calcium ya fosifate ikoreshwa mu kuvura amenyo, kuvura umunwa, gusana amagufwa no gukoresha imiti. Kubashinzwe gukora, abakora amenyo hamwe nabateza imbere biomaterial, ikintu kimwe cya tekiniki gikwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe: igipimo cya hydroxyapatite Ca / P.

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P bivuga igipimo cya molari hagati ya calcium na fosifore muri hydroxyapatite cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bya calcium ya fosifate. Muri hydroxyapatite ya stoichiometric, igipimo cyiza cya Ca / P gikunze kugaragara nka 1.67. Agaciro ntabwo ari umubare gusa. Bifitanye isano rya hafi nibice bigize ibice, gutuza, kwikemurira ibibazo, imikorere yibinyabuzima no gushyira mubikorwa bya nyuma.

Ku masosiyete akuramo ifu ya hydroxyapatite, gusobanukirwa igipimo cya Ca / P bifasha gusuzuma niba ibikoresho bikwiranye nu menyo w’amenyo, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe na emamel, ibikoresho by amenyo, impuzu zatewe, insimburangingo yamagufa cyangwa ubundi buryo bwa biomaterial.

Niki Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P. muri Hydroxyapatite?

Hydroxyapatite ifite imiti ya Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2. Ukurikije iyi formulaire, igipimo cya molari ya calcium na fosifore ni 10: 6, ubusanzwe byoroshe nka 1.67.

Niyo mpamvu 1.67 ikunze gufatwa nkikigereranyo cya Ca / P kuri hydroxyapatite stoichiometric.

Nyamara, ifu ya hydroxyapatite yose ntabwo ari stoichiometric. Ukurikije ibikoresho fatizo, uburyo bwa synthesis, ubushyuhe bwo gutunganya nuburyo bwo kuvura, hydroxyapatite irashobora kwerekana itandukaniro rito mubipimo bya Ca / P. Ihindagurika rishobora guhindura imiterere yibikoresho byanyuma.

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P hafi 1.67 mubisanzwe byerekana hydroxyapatite ikungahaye. Umubare muto urashobora kwerekana hydroxyapatite ya calcium cyangwa kuba hari ibindi bice bya calcium ya fosifate. Ikigereranyo gitandukanye cyane gishobora kwerekana ko ibikoresho bisaba ubundi buryo bwo gusesengura ibyiciro mbere yo gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa by amenyo cyangwa ibinyabuzima.

Impamvu Hydroxyapatite Ca / P Ikigereranyo

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P ni ngombwa kuko gifasha gusobanura uburinganire bwimiti nibiranga icyiciro cya calcium fosifate. Kubijyanye no gusana amenyo namagufwa, iyi mpirimbanyi irashobora guhindura ibintu byinshi byingenzi byingenzi.

1. Ibice bigize icyiciro

Hydroxyapatite ni umwe mu bagize umuryango wa calcium fosifate. Ibindi bikoresho bya calcium ya fosifate, nka fosifike ya tricalcium, fosifike ya dicalcium na calcium fosifate ya amorphous, bifite ibipimo bitandukanye bya Ca / P nibintu bitandukanye.

Kurugero, tricalcium fosifate muri rusange ifite igipimo cya Ca / P kiri munsi ya hydroxyapatite. Mubisanzwe birakemuka kandi bigasubirana vuba mubidukikije. Hydroxyapatite, ugereranije, mubisanzwe irahagaze neza kandi ntigikemuke.

Niyo mpamvu isesengura rya Ca / P ari ingirakamaro mugihe cyo gusuzuma ibikoresho fatizo. Ifasha kumenya niba ifu ahanini hydroxyapatite cyangwa niba irimo ibindi bice bya calcium ya fosifate.

2. Gukemura no gushikama

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P kirashobora guhindura uburyo ibintu bya calcium ya fosifate yitwara mubidukikije byamazi cyangwa ibinyabuzima.

Kubikorwa byo kuvura umunwa, nka menyo yinyo hamwe nogukoresha umunwa, kugenzura imyunyu ngugu ni ngombwa. Ifu ya hydroxyapatite ifite uburinganire bwimiti irashobora gushigikira enamel yibanze, mugihe kandi ikomeza guhuza neza nibindi bisigaye.

Kubikoresho byo gusana amagufwa, solubility hamwe na resorption imyitwarire irahambaye. Ibikoresho bishonga vuba ntibishobora gutanga inkunga ihagije. Ibikoresho bihamye cyane birashobora kuguma igihe kirekire kandi bigahuza bitandukanye nuburyo bushya bwamagufwa. Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P ntigaragaza imikorere yonyine, ariko nikimwe mubipimo fatizo bikoreshwa mugusobanukirwa imyitwarire yibintu.

3. Ibinyabuzima bisa nibice bikomeye

Hydroxyapatite yizwe cyane kuko isa na chimique nicyiciro cyimyunyu y amenyo yumuntu namagufwa. Uku guhuza ni imwe mu mpamvu hydroxyapatite ikoreshwa mubikoresho by amenyo, gutwikira hamwe nibicuruzwa byo gusana amagufwa.

Kubikoresha amenyo, hydroxyapatite ihabwa agaciro kuko amenyo amenyo na dentin ni tissue ikungahaye ku myunyu ngugu. Muburyo bwo kwita kumunwa, nano cyangwa micro hydroxyapatite irashobora gukoreshwa nkibigize minerval ikora kubicuruzwa bifitanye isano na enamel.

Kubikorwa byo gusana amagufwa, hydroxyapatite ikoreshwa kubera biocompatibilité, ubushobozi bwa osteoconductive kandi bisa nubutare bwamagufwa karemano. Ikigereranyo gikwiye cya Ca / P gifasha kwemeza ko ibikoresho bikomeza hydroxyapatite iteganijwe.

4. Kugenzura ubuziranenge kubaguzi b'ibikoresho bito

Ku baguzi B2B, igipimo cya Ca / P nikintu gifatika cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Mugihe ugura ifu ya hydroxyapatite, ibigo ntibigomba gusaba gusa ingano nubunini. Bagomba kandi gusuzuma imiterere yimiti, igipimo cya Ca / P, ubuziranenge bwicyiciro nimbibi zicyuma.

Utanga isoko yizewe agomba kuba ashobora gutanga icyemezo cyisesengura, urupapuro rwa tekiniki hamwe namakuru yo kugerageza. Kubijyanye no kuvura amenyo cyangwa ibinyabuzima, ibyangombwa byinyongera birashobora gukenerwa bitewe nisoko rigenewe n'inzira igenga.

Ikigereranyo Cyiza Ca / P: Ese 1.67 Burigihe Nibyiza?

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P kingana na 1.67 mubisanzwe gifatwa nkigiciro cyiza kuri hydroxyapatite ya stoichiometric. Ariko, "byiza" biterwa no gusaba.

Kubisabwa bisaba hydroxyapatite ihamye hamwe nicyiciro cyo hejuru, igipimo cya Ca / P hafi ya 1.67 gikunzwe. Ibi birashobora kubamo ibikoresho by amenyo, gushira ibikoresho fatizo hamwe na sisitemu yo gusana amagufwa.

Kubisabwa aho byihutirwa resorption cyangwa kugabanuka kwifuzwa, ibikoresho bifite calcium ya fosifate itandukanye birashobora guhitamo. Kurugero, ibikoresho bya biphasic calcium fosifate akenshi bihuza hydroxyapatite na tricalcium fosifate kugirango iringanize ituze hamwe na resorption.

Kubwibyo, abaguzi ntibagomba kureba igipimo cya Ca / P bonyine. Bikwiye gusuzumirwa hamwe nibice bigize ibice, kristu, ubunini buke, morphologie, ubuso bwubuso hamwe nibigenewe gukoreshwa.

Hydroxyapatite Ca / P Ikigereranyo muri Ibikoresho by'amenyo

Gukoresha amenyo bisaba kugenzura neza ubuziranenge bwibintu kuko ibiyigize bishobora gukorana na enamel, dentin, amacandwe nibindi bikoresho.

Ifu ya Hydroxyapatite irashobora gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa byinshi bijyanye n amenyo, harimo:

• Iryinyo ryinyo hamwe nubuvuzi bwo munwa
• Kureka ibicuruzwa by amenyo
• Enamel yibutsa ibicuruzwa
• Ibikoresho byoza amenyo
• Ibigize amenyo
• Shira ibikoresho byo kuvura hejuru
• Hydroxyapatite itwikiriye kubitera amenyo

Mu menyo yinyo hamwe nibicuruzwa byo mu kanwa, nano hydroxyapatite ikunze gutoranywa kuko uduce duto dushobora gutatana byoroshye kandi bigakorana cyane nubuso bw amenyo. Nyamara, ingano yingingo yonyine ntabwo ihagije. Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P hamwe nibice bigize icyiciro nabyo bifite akamaro kuko bifasha kumenya niba koko ifu ihuye nibiranga hydroxyapatite.

Kubitera amenyo hamwe nibikoresho by amenyo bigezweho, guhuza imiti nibyingenzi. Ababikora bakeneye ifu ya hydroxyapatite ifite isuku yizewe, ubwiza bwicyiciro gihamye hamwe nibyangombwa bya tekiniki.

Igipimo cya Hydroxyapatite Ca / P mubikoresho byo gusana amagufwa

Hydroxyapatite nayo ikoreshwa cyane mugusana amagufwa hamwe nubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima bwa orthopedic. Imiti yacyo ihuye namagufwa yamagufa ituma bikoreshwa mubikorwa nka:

• Amagufwa yogusimbuza ibikoresho
• Amagufwa yuzuye
• Bioceramic scafolds
• Hydroxyapatite yatwikiriye ibyuma byatewe
• Gukomatanya ibikoresho hamwe na kolagen, polymers cyangwa β-TCP
• 3D yacapishijwe amagufwa yo gusana scafolds

Muri iyi porogaramu, igipimo cya Ca / P gifasha abitezimbere gusobanukirwa niba ibikoresho byegereye hydroxyapatite ya stoichiometric, hydroxyapatite idafite calcium cyangwa ikindi cyiciro cya calcium fosifate.

Kubikoresho byo gusana amagufwa, kuringaniza hagati yo gutuza no resorption ni ngombwa. Hydroxyapatite isanzwe ihagaze neza, mugihe tricalcium fosifate ikunda kwiyongera vuba. Bamwe mubatezimbere biomaterial bakoresha biphasic calcium fosifate kugirango bahuze ibyiza byibikoresho byombi.

Ibi bivuze ko igipimo cya Ca / P kigomba guhuza igishushanyo mbonera. Ibikoresho byiza bya hydroxyapatite birashobora kuba byiza mugihe hifujwe igihe kirekire kandi inkunga ya osteoconductive. Ibikoresho byinshi cyangwa biphasic birashobora kuba byiza mugihe igenzurwa na resorption iri murwego rwo gushushanya.

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P nicyiza cyicyiciro

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P hafi ya 1.67 ni ikimenyetso cyingirakamaro, ariko ntigaragaza ubuziranenge bwicyiciro cyonyine. Ibikoresho bibiri birashobora kugira ibipimo bisa na Ca / P ariko ibice bitandukanye bigize ibice, kristu cyangwa umwanda.

Niyo mpamvu kugenzura hydroxyapatite yabigize umwuga akenshi ikubiyemo ibizamini byinshi, nka:

• Isesengura rya Kalisiyumu na fosifore
• Kubara igipimo cya Ca / P.
• Gutandukanya X-ray kugirango bamenye icyiciro
• Isesengura rya FTIR kumatsinda akora
• Ingano nini yo gukwirakwiza
• SEM isesengura rya morphologie
• Kugerageza ibyuma biremereye
• Gutakaza kumisha
• Kwipimisha mikorobe, niba bisabwa na porogaramu

Ku baguzi b'amenyo na biomedical, gusaba gusa "hydroxyapatite yera cyane" ntibihagije. Uburyo bwumwuga ni ugusaba ibisobanuro birambuye no kwemeza niba ibikoresho bihuye nikoreshwa.

Uburyo Uburyo bwa Synthesis bugira ingaruka kuri Ca / P.

Ifu ya Hydroxyapatite irashobora gukorwa muburyo butandukanye, harimo imvura itose, synthesis hydrothermal synthesis, sol-gel itunganya hamwe na reaction-ikomeye. Buri buryo bushobora guhindura igipimo cya nyuma cya Ca / P, imiterere ya kristu, ingano yingingo na morphologie.

Kurugero, imvura igwa ikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa bya nano cyangwa micro hydroxyapatite. Imiterere yimyitwarire, pH, ubushyuhe, isoko ya calcium, isoko ya fosifate nigihe cyo gusaza birashobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere yanyuma.

Hydrothermal synthesis irashobora kubyara ifu ifite kristu yo hejuru hamwe na morphologie igenzurwa. Uburyo bukomeye bushobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho byo mu rwego rwa ceramic ariko akenshi bisaba ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Kubera itandukaniro, ifu ebyiri za hydroxyapatite zifite ubunini buke bwa nominal zishobora gukora muburyo butandukanye muri formula cyangwa biomaterial. Niyo mpamvu abaguzi bagomba gusuzuma amakuru yimiti nibikorwa bya porogaramu.

Nigute ushobora guhitamo ifu ya Hydroxyapatite ishingiye ku kigereranyo cya Ca / P.

Mugihe uhitamo ifu ya hydroxyapatite, igipimo cya Ca / P kigomba gufatwa nkigice cyo gusuzuma tekiniki yuzuye.

Kubijyanye no Kwita kumunwa

Ku menyo yinyo, koza umunwa hamwe na emamel yibanze, abaguzi bagomba gutekereza:

• Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P hafi ya hydroxyapatite iranga
• Ingano iboneye, nka nano cyangwa ifu nziza ya micro
• Gutandukana neza muri formula
• Ibyuma biremereye
• Icyiciro gihamye-cyiza
• Guhuza na humectants, kubyimbye hamwe na surfactants
• Amabwiriza akwiranye nisoko rigenewe

Kubikoresho by'amenyo

Kubigize amenyo, ibikoresho byo gusya, gutwika cyangwa gushira hejuru, abaguzi bagomba kwitondera:

• Icyiciro cyera
• Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P.
• Crystallinity
• Imiterere ya morfologiya
• Ubushyuhe bukabije
• Imyitwarire no gutunganya imyitwarire
• Abatanga inyandiko hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge

Kubikoresho byo gusana amagufwa

Kubigufwa byamagufa, bioceramic scaffolds hamwe nugushiraho, abaguzi barashobora gukenera gusuzuma:

• Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P hamwe nibice bigize icyiciro
• Hydroxyapatite cyangwa biphasic calcium ya fosifate
• Ubwoba na morphologie
• Amakuru yibinyabuzima
• Guhuza Sterilisation
• Kurikirana ibintu hamwe nicyuma kiremereye
• Ibipimo nibisabwa kugirango ukoreshwe

Ubwumvikane Buke Bwerekeye Hydroxyapatite Ca / P Ikigereranyo

Kutumva nabi 1: Ikigereranyo Cyisumbuye Ca / P Buri gihe Bisobanura Ubwiza Bwiza

Umubare munini wa Ca / P ntabwo uhita usobanura imikorere myiza. Umubare nyawo uterwa nintego ya calcium fosifate yicyiciro no kuyishyira mubikorwa.

Kuri stoichiometric hydroxyapatite, 1.67 nigiciro rusange. Niba igipimo kiri hejuru cyane cyangwa kiri hasi cyane, birakenewe ubundi isesengura.

Kutumva nabi 2: Igipimo cya Ca / P Wenyine cyemeza imikorere yibicuruzwa

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P ni ngombwa, ariko ntabwo aricyo cyonyine cyerekana ubuziranenge. Ingano yingirakamaro, morphologie, kristu, ubuso bwubuso, umwanda hamwe nubwuzuzanye nabyo bigira ingaruka kumikorere.

Kutumva nabi 3: Ifu ya Hydroxyapatite yose ni imwe

Ifu ya Hydroxyapatite irashobora gutandukana cyane bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora no kugenzura ubuziranenge. Ifu yagenewe kuvura umunwa ntishobora kuba ikwiriye gutwikwa. Ifu ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi ntishobora kuba yujuje ibisabwa mubicuruzwa by amenyo yubucuruzi cyangwa ibinyabuzima.

Kutumva nabi 4: Nano Hydroxyapatite Gusa ikeneye Ingano ntoya

Ingano ya Nano ni ingenzi kuri porogaramu zimwe na zimwe, ariko nano hydroxyapatite isaba kandi imiterere yimiti ikwiye, isuzuma ryumutekano, ikwirakwizwa hamwe nibice bihoraho. Ingano ntoya idafite igipimo cyizewe cya Ca / P hamwe namakuru yubuziranenge ntabwo bihagije mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa byumwuga.

Ni ibihe bisobanuro abaguzi bagomba gusaba?

Mugihe utanga ifu ya hydroxyapatite, abaguzi bagomba gusaba pake yuzuye. Inyandiko z'ingenzi zishobora kubamo:

• Icyemezo cy'isesengura
• Urupapuro rwubuhanga
• Urupapuro rwumutekano
• Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P.
• Ingano nini yo gukwirakwiza
• Ibigize isuku hamwe nicyiciro
• Kugerageza ibyuma biremereye
• Imipaka ya Microbiologiya, niba bishoboka
• Basabwe kubika ibintu
• Ubuyobozi bwo gusaba

Kubikoresho byo gusana amenyo namagufa, nibyiza kandi kuganira kumiterere yanyuma yibicuruzwa hamwe nuwabitanze. Utanga hydroxyapatite yizewe agomba kuba ashobora gutanga amanota akwiye ashingiye kubisabwa, ingano yingirakamaro, ubuziranenge nibisabwa.

Kuki Gukorana na Hydroxyapatite Yumwuga?

Hydroxyapatite ntabwo aribintu byoroshye byibicuruzwa. Kubireba amenyo, umunwa hamwe no gusana amagufwa, abaguzi bakeneye ubufasha buhamye kandi bwa tekiniki.

Abatanga umwuga barashobora gufasha abakiriya guhitamo icyiciro cya hydroxyapatite ishingiye kuri:

• Umwanya wo gusaba
• Ingano yintego
• Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P.
• Urwego
• Uburyo bwo gutunganya
• Sisitemu yo gushiraho
• Ibyangombwa bikenewe
• Icyitegererezo cyo gupima no gupima ibisabwa

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kubirango nababikora batezimbere imikorere yubuvuzi bwo mu kanwa, ibikoresho by amenyo, ibikoresho bifitanye isano na sisitemu ya bioceramic.

Umwanzuro

Ikigereranyo cya hydroxyapatite Ca / P ni kimwe mu bipimo byingenzi byo gusuzuma ubwiza bwa hydroxyapatite. Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P kigera kuri 1.67 gikunze guhuzwa na hydroxyapatite ya stoichiometric, mugihe ibipimo bitandukanye bishobora kwerekana hydroxyapatite idafite calcium cyangwa ibindi byiciro bya calcium fosifate.

Kubikoresho by amenyo, igipimo cya Ca / P gifasha kwemeza imiti ihamye kandi ikora neza. Kubikoresho byo gusana amagufwa, bifasha kuyobora guhitamo hydroxyapatite, tricalcium fosifate cyangwa sisitemu ya biphasic calcium fosifate.

Ariko, igipimo cya Ca / P ntigomba gusuzumwa wenyine. Abaguzi babigize umwuga bagomba kandi gusuzuma isuku yicyiciro, kristu, ubunini buke, morphologie, ibyuma biremereye hamwe nabatanga isoko.

Ku bakora inganda ziteza imbere amenyo, umunwa cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusana amagufwa, guhitamo ifu ya hydroxyapatite ikwiye nintambwe ikomeye mumikorere no kugenzura ubuziranenge.

Ibibazo

Ni ikihe gipimo cyiza cya Ca / P cya hydroxyapatite?

Ikigereranyo cyiza cya Ca / P cya hydroxyapatite ya stoichiometric ikunze kugaragara nka 1.67. Ibi biva mumiti ya Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2.

Kuki igipimo cya Ca / P ari ingenzi mu ifu ya hydroxyapatite?

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P gifasha kwerekana imiterere yimiti, ibiranga icyiciro hamwe nibintu bihuye. Nibintu byingenzi byingenzi byerekana amenyo, kuvura umunwa hamwe no gusana amagufwa.

Ikigereranyo cya Ca / P cya 1.67 burigihe gisabwa?

Ntabwo buri gihe. Ikigereranyo kigera kuri 1.67 gikundwa kuri hydroxyapatite ya stoichiometric, ariko ibindi bikoresho bya calcium ya fosifate birashobora kugira ibipimo bitandukanye bitewe nibisabwa.

Bigenda bite iyo igipimo cya Ca / P kiri munsi ya 1.67?

Ikigereranyo cyo hasi ya Ca / P gishobora kwerekana hydroxyapatite idafite calcium cyangwa kuba hari ibindi byiciro bya calcium ya fosifate. Ibindi byiciro byo kugerageza birasabwa.

Hydroxyapatite irashobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho byo gusana amagufwa?

Yego. Hydroxyapatite ikoreshwa cyane mubushakashatsi bwo gusana amagufwa no guteza imbere ibinyabuzima kubera ko bihuye nubutare bwamagufwa karemano hamwe na osteoconductive.

Ni iki abaguzi bagomba kugenzura usibye igipimo cya Ca / P.

Abaguzi bagomba kandi kugenzura ingano yubunini, ubuziranenge bwicyiciro, kristu, morfologiya, imipaka iremereye, imipaka ya mikorobe, COA, TDS hamwe nugutanga ibyangombwa byo kugenzura ubuziranenge.